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Income and Child Well-being:
A new perspective on the poverty debate

by David P. Ross and Paul Roberts

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APPENDIX

Appendix: These numbers support Charts 1 through 27. Please refer to the charts for complete source information and details concerning the ages and indicators used.

 

Chart number

Indicator

<$20,000

$20,000-
$29,999

$30,000-
$39,999

$40,000-
$49,999

$50,000-
$59,999

$60,000-
$79,999

$80,000+

1

Family functioning

25.2%

21.1%

17.7%

15.7%

18.1%

12.4%

12.1%

2

Parental depression

22.4%

16.8%

13.2%

10.7%

13.4%

9.8%

6.2%

3

Childhood trauma

15.3%

13.4%

9.4%

9.2%

8.4%

6.2%

7.6%

4

Chronic stress

12.6%

9.8%

7.6%

4.4%

5.4%

5.0%

3.1%

5

Adult smokers

49.2%

44.2%

43.6%

37.4%

35.4%

30.7%

28.8%

6

Changing schools

28.7%

17.2%*

19.2%

23.0%

16.9%

15.1%

11.8%*

7

Poor housing

34.1%

28.7%

28.7%

26.7%

20.5%

18.9%

14.4%

8

Home computers

68.3%

65.3%

64.4%

59.7%

56.7%

44.4%

32.6%

9

Problem neighbourhoods

26.2%

20.8%

17.0%

14.4%

12.7%

14.6%

11.1%

10

Unsafe neighbourhoods

15.1%

10.6%

5.4%

8.3%

4.2%*

8.2%

5.2%

11

Unfriendly neighbours

23.9%

17.9%

15.2%

16.2%

8.0%

8.9%

8.3%

12

Aggression

37.9%

26.4%

28.4%

27.5%

29.2%

27.3%

24.6%

13

Anxiety

12.1%

7.0%*

6.8%

7.6%

6.0%

8.7%

6.9%

14

Hyperactivity

19.5%

15.0%

12.9%

13.4%

14.2%

13.6%

11.7%

15

Delinquent behaviours

15.6%

10.7%

7.9%

8.9%

7.6%

5.6%

6.0%

16

Friends in trouble

20.1%*

13.9%*

11.2%

10.9%

9.7%

8.8%

7.2%

17

Health status

49.8%

45.2%

45.6%

43.3%

37.4%

39.0%

30.7%

18

Health problems

13.4%

9.6%

8.1%

8.0%

8.3%

8.1%

5.1%

19

Vocabulary development

35.9%

18.2%

17.3%

16.2%

10.2%

13.0%

7.9%**

20

Math scores

16.4%*

24.5%*

20.2%

13.5%

17.0%

12.2%

11.1%

21

Reading

12.6%

9.7%

7.2%

9.5%

7.7%

7.1%

6.0%

22

Special education

9.6%*

6.7%*

5.1%

5.2%

4.1%*

4.5%

5.3%

23

Organized sports

71.7%

61.4%

47.1%

54.9%

35.2%

40.0%

25.2%

24

Unorganized sports

33.4%

30.9%

29.4%

23.8%

20.4%

23.0%

18.5%

25

Music, dance or art lessons

86.3%

80.6%

76.9%

71.2%

72.1%

65.8%

60.2%

26

Community participation

78.7%

79.1%

76.8%

72.6%

73.8%

68.0%

69.6%

27

"Idle" teens

15.5%

9.9%

7.1%

6.3%

4.8%

4.5%

3.5%

* Figures are marginal under Statistics Canada's Release Guidelines - estimate less reliable due to small sample size.
** This figure does not meet Statistics Canada's quality standards and is therefore unreliable.

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